Model of a dinosaur nest |
The typical birds' nest is a construction of twigs, grass, leaves sometimes lined with mud or feathers. Reptiles don't do this. Instead they find a promising spot and dig a hole to lay their eggs in. Or put them in a burrow. Or pile up material to make a mound. Some lizards just lay eggs in cracks in the rock.
Some, the yellow spotted monitor lizard, dig complext tunnels or warrens where several lizards can deposit their eggs. Crocodiles heap up rotting vegetable matter and lay their eggs on the top of it. The nest is usually at the water's edge so that the hatchlings can get to the water easily.
Turtles dig a hole and lay their eggs in just one night. But Tuatara and green Iguanas will spend several nights constructing a proper burrow for their eggs. If they don't get it right, the eggs may never hatch. The longer incubation period required for reptile eggs puts them more at risk than birds' eggs.
Unless warm blooded birds that sit on their nests to keep the eggs warm and hatch them, most reptiles do not brood their eggs. So it is all the more important that they lay the eggs in a place where they will be warm enough. This means that there must be the right balance of sunlight and shade for eggs that are laid in the open air. Burrowing reptiles can make the burrow shorter or deeper according to th temperature they need.
The warmth of a nest site affects the offspring - the size and even the sex. Unfortunately because reptiles rarely brood their young, the individual reptile cannot know if her eggs have hatched successfully. If birds lose a clutch, they will often find a different nest site and lay second clutch of eggs to compensate. Reptiles can't do this.
Therefore climate warming is likely to affect reptiles more than birds -- and may alter sex ratios drastically.
*Refsnider,J.M., (2016), 'Nest choice and nest construction in reptiles,' Available at www.avianbiologyresearch.co.uk
Paper 1500632 doi: 10.3184/175815516X14490631289752
Accessed November 4 2016.